National debt refers to the creditor's rights and debt certificates issued by the central government and guaranteed by the state credit, with certain interest income. The term is generally 30 years (inclusive) to 50 years (inclusive), and the nominal interest rate is determined by the Ministry of Finance according to market conditions. China's national debt is divided into two different types: national credit bonds and book entry bonds. Among them, national credit bonds can be divided into government debt service and book entry bonds; Bookkeeping national debt can be divided into two forms: national debt with principal and interest paid at maturity and national debt with principal and interest paid in advance.
Savings
Savings is an investment and financing method provided by banks to depositors. The ways of saving include passbook, bank card, deposit certificate, current deposit and fixed deposit. The passbook and bank card are the direct deposit and withdrawal of cash by the depositor through the bank. They are irrevocable and inseparable credit proof, equivalent to a long-term passbook; However, depositors need to put their money into the bank before they can obtain a fixed amount of interest and a fixed amount of principal. They cannot use their deposits as collateral or pledge. Generally, the interest rate of fixed deposit is higher than that of current deposit. Take the20 yuan current deposit as an example. If the current deposit interest rate is 0.35%, the interest rate will be 1,720 yuan three years later; Three years later, the current interest rate is 0.35%, and the interest after three years is 1,820 yuan. If the current deposit interest rate is 0.35%, the interest will be 3,900 yuan three years later.
Selection of investment methods
It is generally believed that book entry treasury bonds can be traded and circulated in the inter-bank market. The bond market includes China's bond market and major foreign bond markets, among which foreign bonds mainly include those of the United States, Germany and Japan. National debt is one of the important public debt certificates issued by governments around the world. Due to its high credit rating, strong payment ability, security and stability, it is widely welcomed. At present, it is mainly used by domestic and foreign investors as one of the investment targets. In China, the investment targets of national debt mainly include futures and options of national debt.
Time Management for Investment
When talking of the investment issue, we are supposed to consider when to buy and when to sell, because due to the interest rate is changing so the profit is totally different, subject to the time of transaction.
First, purchase time, it is generally a fixed transaction time.
Second, selling time, investors need to buy and sell within the specified time. Generally, they will go to the counter after the due date. When in holidays, the deal will be postponed.
Third, transactions are conducted at the transaction price of the day, that is, the buying price or selling price are different. Therefore, when buying and selling, you can buy or sell at the maximum price of the day, or buy or sell at the price of the day or the next day, so as to gain more income.
Investment period
According to the regulations of the Ministry of Finance, the proportion of bond investment of individual investors ranks about 30% in the total principal of national debt. Among them, it is better for individual investors to hold within 5 years once or within 3 times twice. National bonds with a holding period in more than 3 years but less than 5 years (inclusive) can be applied once, but the number of bonds shall not exceed 3; National bonds with a holding period in more than 5 years but less than 10 years (inclusive) can be applied once, but the number of bonds cannot exceed 2. The maximum applied capital of individual investors shall not exceed 30% of individual financial assets.
Investment products
National debt can be invested in stocks, funds and bonds, they are listed and traded in stock exchanges. You can invest in bond funds listed on the stock exchange. When purchasing, you should pay attention not to mix national debt with stocks and funds. After purchasing the book entry national debt, all the funds will be used for the principal and interest repayment business, as follows,
Purchase fixed deposits or savings bonds with low interest rates for fixed investment;
Purchase short-term investment products, or pay interest after withdrawal in advance;
Purchase of repayment of principal and interest in advance and pledge loans, as well as investment in financial futures and financial derivatives.
